Mosses and the Caribbean Connection Between North and South America

2000 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delgadillo M. Claudio
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South

1. The Atlantic slave trade

2014 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Heather Andrea Williams
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Slave Trade ◽  
Middle Passage ◽  
Slave Labor ◽  
Christopher Columbus ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Atlantic Slave Trade ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South

Slavery had long existed in Europe and Africa, but the history of the Atlantic slave trade begins in the 1440s with Portuguese exploration of West Africa. ‘The Atlantic slave trade’ charts the increased demand for slave labor in Portugal and the Christian justification of African enslavement. In the 1490s, the journeys of Christopher Columbus to the Caribbean and North and South America opened up mineral-rich and fertile lands on which European countries planted their flags and the Christian cross. More than 12 million Africans boarded the ships, but nearly 2 million died during the Middle Passage. Of those who survived, only about 5 percent went to North America, with most going to South America and the Caribbean.

scholarly journals The Experience on Earthquake Risk in Central America

1977 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-316
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Seismic Activity ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Central American ◽  
Earthquake Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South

Presented by the Central American Actuarial Association (Asociacion Acturial Centroamericana) to the 13th ASTIN Colloquium.The Asociaciôn Actuarial Centroamericana (AAC) is a grouping of Actuaries from the Central American Republics of El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama. The AAC is a contributing ASTIN member of the International Actuarial Association.Earthquakes have been a constant scourge of mankind. Central America has not escaped this phenomenon, indeed the territory has been most affected by them precisely because of its condition as an isthmus that serves as a fragile union between the continental land masses of North and South America, and in consequence being subject to disturbances by the displacement of the continental plates. Our lands abound with beautiful volcanoes, which have also contributed to local seismic activity. Whatever their origin, the earthquakes that have struck our country have left their share of destruction of lives and property.In Annex 1 a table is presented, showing a history of seismic activity and volcanic eruptions in the countries on the Caribbean Platform, in which we can appreciate in detail the catastrophes that occurred from the XVI Century until 1976.

Warriors

Atlantic Wars ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 125-151
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Plank
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Early Modern Era ◽  
And Coping ◽  
North And South America ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
North And South

Chapter 6 examines the shared experiences of communities in the Caribbean, North and South America, Africa, and Europe in fielding men for combat on land. After discussing the first Spanish campaigns on Hispaniola, the chapter analyzes the challenges of recruiting, training, arming, and feeding warriors, maintaining discipline, demobilizing fighting men, and coping with combat deaths. These challenges are common among all societies engaged in warfare, and they were complicated across the Atlantic world in the early modern era as long-term, long-distance military deployments placed new burdens on fighting men and their communities, straining the logistical capacities of villages and empires.

Slavery and Warfare on Land

Atlantic Wars ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 177-200
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Plank
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Slave Trade ◽  
Transatlantic Slave Trade ◽  
Organized Violence ◽  
Slave Traders ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Early Modern Era ◽  
North And South America ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
North And South

Chapter 8 examines the pattern of organized violence associated with slavery on both sides of the Atlantic. In Africa and the Americas women were more likely to be taken and held as slaves than men, but the transatlantic slave trade broke with this pattern, and to explain why, the chapter examines the evolution of the European practice of slavery. In the early modern era, Christian Europeans foreswore enslaving each other, while in the Mediterranean, Muslims enslaved Christians and Christians enslaved Muslims. European slave traders favored male war captives. When European slave traders carried Africans across the Atlantic, they brought many warriors to the Americas, and the chapter concludes with an examination of the warfare endemic to slave societies in North and South America and the Caribbean.

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Kariamu Welsh ◽  
Esailama G. A. Diouf ◽  
Yvonne Daniel
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
African Diaspora ◽  
Hawaiian Islands ◽  
African Dance ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South

African dance has become a distinct genre that traces its lineage across a worldwide Diaspora to the dances of Africa. Thereby, African dances are found on six of seven continents: Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, and North and South America; however, our concern here is the “American African Diaspora,” which ultimately extends from Canada to Chile, the Caribbean to the Hawaiian Islands. In these sites the term “African dance” includes social and popular dances, sacred rituals, folkloric traditions, concert forms, and tourist displays as well....

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